【后羿DIY】低功耗远距离无线通信模块开发（结贴）

重新编辑调整下顺序

方案设计

方案采用MCU+RF的结构，MCU采用STM2F042F6P6作为主控，RF收发器采用siliconlabs的高性能Sub1G芯片SI4463,两个主芯片均工作在低功耗模式下，保证系统在性能可靠的前提下，降低系统功耗，通过经过优化算法的数传无线收发算法，保证数据能考可靠稳定的进行传输。

下面开始上电路图

电源电路，输入电压范围DC5V-24V,增加了可恢复保险丝，由于空间问题没有在输入端增加TVS做保护

TTL串口电路，为了增加系统稳定性和可靠性，串联了电阻，另外为做好接口兼容性，保证5V TTL串口电平，中间使用了后羿电子提供的MOSFET HY0320作为电平转换，保证3.3V和5V电平相互转换。

MCU主控电路，主控电路与RF芯片之间通过SPI接口进行通信，完成数据的收发以及控制。

.

RF射频电路，该电路需要通过大量测试进行参数匹配，保证系统信号完整性。其中为了降低系统功耗，使用后羿电子提供的HY0620 进行电源的供电与断开的控制。

本来打算等样片到了再继续搞，过一段时间会比较忙，所以不等样片了，先搞起来了，本来可以做2层板的，但是由于体积限制，板子空间太小，被迫做了4层PCB，好在目前的4层PCB的成本也不高，上PCB图，板子尺寸：30*15mm

PCB布局图（顶层）

PCB布局图（底层）

中间层

中间层（电源层）

底层布线

反面

产品符合小型化要求，适合集成，样机大小只有硬币大小

主程序结构如下：

/* USER CODE END 0 */

int main(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

/* MCU Configuration----------------------------------------------------------*/
  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
	 HAL_Init();
  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();
  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_DMA_Init();
  MX_IWDG_Init();
  MX_SPI1_Init();
 // MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
 //GetLockCode();
 //rev_ID_write(Lock_Code1);
 //Lock_Code=0;
 //Lock_Code=rev_ID_read();
 //	if(Lock_Code != Lock_Code1) 
	//	return 0; //??0x123456789ABC??????ID
  RF_init();
  /* USER CODE END 2 */
  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
  /* USER CODE END WHILE */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
    RF_TX_RX_CTRL();
    RF_Process();

    HAL_IWDG_Refresh(&hiwdg);//watch dog
    
	}
  /* USER CODE END 3 */

}

产品设计中涉及用到的外设包括SPI、USART、DMA、定时器以及看门狗。

其中SPI用来与RF射频收发器进行数据传输以及参数配置，USART作为用户数据的收发，DMA与USART配合提高数据收发效率

RF收发器调试，首先通过SPI接口读取RF收发器的ID，如果ID为4463，那么可以证明通信接口通信没问题，对RF收发芯片的初始化配置操作在工程中void RF_init()函数中实现，下面上具体参数配置源码

void RF_init()
{
	Si4463_GpioInt();
	HAL_DMA_Abort_IT(&hdma_usart1_tx);
	HAL_DMA_Abort_IT(&hdma_usart1_rx);	


	RF_parameters_init();
	RF_parameters_read();	
	
    MX_USART1_UART_Init();
	HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(&huart1,tx_ph_data,buffer_size);
	__HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(&huart1, UART_IT_IDLE);    //??????
	
	sdn_reset();// reset RF
	SI4463_init();  // RF INIT
	delay_us(200);
	spi_read_info();
	delay_us(200);


	HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(EXTI2_3_IRQn);
	HAL_NVIC_ClearPendingIRQ(EXTI2_3_IRQn);
	HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(EXTI2_3_IRQn, 1, 0);

	delay_us(200);
	nIRQ=1;
	recv_end_flag=0;
	uart_rx_len=0;
	rx_len_tmp=0;
	len_var=0;
	rx_init();
	__HAL_UART_CLEAR_IDLEFLAG(&huart1);
  HAL_IWDG_Start(&hiwdg);//start iwdg
}

spi_read_info();为读取id函数，返回值为4463，证明通信接口正常工作。

void SI4463_init(void)
{	
	U8 app_command_buf[20];

	//spi_write(0x07, RF_GPIO_PIN_CFG_data);   
	app_command_buf[0] = 0x13;			// SET GPIO PORT
	app_command_buf[1]  = 0x14; 		// gpio 0 ,Rx data
	app_command_buf[2]  = 0x02;    		// gpio1, output 0
	app_command_buf[3]  = 0x21;  		// gpio2, hign while in receive mode
	app_command_buf[4]  = 0x20; 		// gpio3, hign while in transmit mode 
	app_command_buf[5]  = 0x27;   		// nIRQ
	app_command_buf[6]  = 0x0b;  		// sdo
	spi_write(7, app_command_buf); 

	// spi_write(0x05, RF_GLOBAL_XO_TUNE_1_data); 
	app_command_buf[0] = 0x11;  
	app_command_buf[1]  = 0x00;    
	app_command_buf[2]  = 0x01;    
	app_command_buf[3]  = 0x00;  
	app_command_buf[4]  = 125;  			// freq  adjustment
	spi_write(5, app_command_buf);

	// spi_write(0x05, RF_GLOBAL_CONFIG_1_data);
	app_command_buf[0] = 0x11;  
	app_command_buf[1]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[2]  = 0x01; 
	app_command_buf[3]  = 0x03; 
	app_command_buf[4]  = 0x40;  		// tx = rx = 64 byte,PH,high performance mode
	spi_write(5, app_command_buf); 

	spi_write(0x08, (unsigned char *)RF_FRR_CTL_A_MODE_4_data);    // disable all fast response register

	// spi_write(0x0D, RF_PREAMBLE_TX_LENGTH_9_data); // set Preamble
	app_command_buf[0] = 0x11;  
	app_command_buf[1]  = 0x10;    
	app_command_buf[2]  = 0x09;    
	app_command_buf[3]  = 0x00;   
	app_command_buf[4]  = 0x08;							//  8 bytes Preamble
	app_command_buf[5]  = 0x14;							//  detect 20 bits
	app_command_buf[6]  = 0x00;						
	app_command_buf[7]  = 0x0f;
	app_command_buf[8]  = 0x31;  						//  no manchest.1010.??
	app_command_buf[9]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[10]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[11]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[12]  = 0x00;
	spi_write(13, app_command_buf);	

	//  RF_SYNC_CONFIG_5_data,							// set sync
	app_command_buf[0] = 0x11;  
	app_command_buf[1]  = 0x11;
	app_command_buf[2]  = 0x05;
	app_command_buf[3]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[4]  = 0x01;   						// no manchest , 2 bytes
	app_command_buf[5]  = 0x2d;   						// sync byte3
	app_command_buf[6]  = 0xd4;							// sync byte2
	app_command_buf[7]  = 0x00;							// sync byte1
	app_command_buf[8]  = 0x00;							// sync byte0
	spi_write(9, app_command_buf);


	//  packet crc         
	app_command_buf[0] = 0x11;  
	app_command_buf[1]  = 0x12; 
	app_command_buf[2]  = 0x01; 
	app_command_buf[3]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[4]  = 0x81;							// CRC = itu-c, enable crc
	spi_write(5, app_command_buf);  

	// packet   gernale configuration        
	app_command_buf[0] = 0x11;  
	app_command_buf[1]  = 0x12;
	app_command_buf[2]  = 0x01;
	app_command_buf[3]  = 0x06;
	app_command_buf[4]  = 0x02;							// CRC MSB, data MSB
	spi_write(5, app_command_buf);

	// spi_write(0x07, RF_PKT_LEN_3_data);   
	app_command_buf[0] = 0x11;  
	app_command_buf[1]  = 0x12;
	app_command_buf[2]  = 0x03;
	app_command_buf[3]  = 0x08;
	app_command_buf[4]  = 0x0a;
	app_command_buf[5]  = 0x01;
	app_command_buf[6]  = 0x00;						 
	spi_write(7, app_command_buf);         

	app_command_buf[0]  = 0x11;  
	app_command_buf[1]  = 0x12;
	app_command_buf[2]  = 0x0c;
	app_command_buf[3]  = 0x0d;
	app_command_buf[4]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[5]  = 0x05;
	app_command_buf[6]  = 0x04;
	app_command_buf[7]  = 0xaa;
	app_command_buf[8]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[9]  = payload_length;
	app_command_buf[10]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[11]  = 0xaa;
	app_command_buf[12]  = 0x00; 
	app_command_buf[13]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[14]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[15]  = 0x00;
	spi_write(16, app_command_buf);					// set length of Field 1 -- 4

	// spi_write(0x0C, RF_PKT_FIELD_4_LENGTH_12_8_8_data);
	app_command_buf[0] = 0x11;  
	app_command_buf[1]  = 0x12; 
	app_command_buf[2]  = 0x08;
	app_command_buf[3]  = 0x19;
	app_command_buf[4]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[5]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[6]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[7]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[8]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[9]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[10]  = 0x00;
	app_command_buf[11]  = 0x00;
	spi_write(12, app_command_buf);

	spi_write(0x10, (unsigned char *)RF_MODEM_MOD_TYPE_12_data);        
	spi_write(0x05, (unsigned char *)RF_MODEM_FREQ_DEV_0_1_data);

	spi_write(0x10, (unsigned char *)RF_MODEM_TX_RAMP_DELAY_12_data);    	
	spi_write(0x10, (unsigned char *)BCR_NCO_OFFSET_2_12_data);
	spi_write(0x10, (unsigned char *)RF_MODEM_TX_RAMP_DELAY_12_data);			
	spi_write(0x07, (unsigned char *)RF_MODEM_AFC_LIMITER_1_3_data);	
	//spi_write(0x10, BCR_NCO_OFFSET_2_12_data);

	spi_write(0x05, (unsigned char *)RF_MODEM_AGC_CONTROL_1_data);		
	spi_write(0x10, (unsigned char *)AGC_WINDOW_SIZE_12_data);	
	spi_write(0x0c, (unsigned char *)RF_MODEM_RAW_CONTROL_8_data);
	//	spi_write(0x10, (unsigned char *)AGC_WINDOW_SIZE_12_data);

	// spi_write(0x05, RF_MODEM_RSSI_COMP_1_data);
	app_command_buf[0] = 0x11;  
	app_command_buf[1] = 0x20;                                                     
	app_command_buf[2] = 0x01;                                                   
	app_command_buf[3] = 0x4e;             
	app_command_buf[4]  = 0x40;
	spi_write(5, app_command_buf);            	     

	spi_write(0x10, (unsigned char *)COE13_7_0_12_data);
	spi_write(0x10, (unsigned char *)COE1_7_0_12_data);
	spi_write(0x10, (unsigned char *)COE7_7_0_12_data);       

	// RF_PA
	app_command_buf[0] = 0x11;  
	app_command_buf[1]  = 0x22;                                                    
	app_command_buf[2]  = 0x04;                                               
	app_command_buf[3]  = 0x00;                                                     
	app_command_buf[4]  = 0x08;
	app_command_buf[5]  = POWER;							// set max power
	app_command_buf[6]  =0x00;
	app_command_buf[7]  = 0x3d;
	spi_write(8, app_command_buf);        

	spi_write(0x0B, (unsigned char *)RF_SYNTH_PFDCP_CPFF_7_data);

	// header match
	app_command_buf[0] = 0x11;  
	app_command_buf[1]  = 0x30;                                                     
	app_command_buf[2]  = 0x0c;                                                   
	app_command_buf[3]  = 0x00;                                                       
	app_command_buf[4]  = rf_id[0];
	app_command_buf[5]  = 0xff;
	app_command_buf[6]  = 0x40;
	app_command_buf[7]  = rf_id[1];                                      
	app_command_buf[8]  = 0xff;                                       
	app_command_buf[9]  = 0x01; 
	app_command_buf[10] = rf_id[2];                                   
	app_command_buf[11]  =0xff;                                       
	app_command_buf[12]  =0x02;
	app_command_buf[13]  = rf_id[3];                                  
	app_command_buf[14]  = 0xff;
	app_command_buf[15]  =0x03;
	spi_write(16, app_command_buf); 					// ????í·??

	spi_write(6, (unsigned char *)RF_MODEM_RAW_SEARCH2_2_data);
	
	
//	RF_FREQ_CONTROL_INTE_8_data[5] =uRF_FREQ_CONTROL[0];
// 	RF_FREQ_CONTROL_INTE_8_data[6] =uRF_FREQ_CONTROL[1];
// 	RF_FREQ_CONTROL_INTE_8_data[7] =uRF_FREQ_CONTROL[2];
	spi_write(12, (unsigned char *)RF_FREQ_CONTROL_INTE_8_data); 	    // set frequency    	
} 

系统整个工作流程大概如下：

首先配置好RF收发器，使其可以正常收发数据，这包括寄存器参数配置，设备ID、中心频率、空中传输速度、中断等等配置

然后用户通过串口发送数据时，系统在DMA的控制下直接将数据存入指定发送缓冲区，并且将发送标志位置位，此时无线收发系统RF检测到有数据要发送，便会启动发送数据，当RF发送数据完成后，通过中断通知CPU数据发送完成。需要注意的是RF每次最多发送64字节 数据，当待发送数据超过64字节时，系统会自动拆包处理，接收数据过程与发送数据类似，只是方向相反。

展现实测结果的时间到了：

测试条件：

串口波特率：57600kps

空中传输速度：150kps

室外环境：市区道路

在如此高速的情况，测试稳定通讯距离达到了991米

各种模式下的功耗是多少？